The Nepal-Bihar earthquake, occurring on January 15, 1934, was a profound seismic event that severely affected northern India and Nepal. With a magnitude of 8.0 Mw, it originated in the region close to the border between Nepal and Bihar, impacting large areas, including the cities of Kathmandu and Bhagalpur. The earthquake's tremors were felt across a wide radius, indicating its significant strength. It resulted in a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), evidencing the earthquake's capacity to cause disastrous damage to structures and landscapes.

As the ground shook with violent force, the disaster led to the collapse of thousands of buildings and infrastructure, leaving many people homeless. Reports from the area indicated that full recovery was hampered by the destruction of roads, railways, and communication lines that followed the quake. The immediate aftermath saw many survivors trapped under debris, igniting rescue efforts that faced logistical challenges, while others dealt with the loss of family and community members.

In the weeks and months following the disaster, newspapers began covering the pressing needs of survivors, drawing national and international attention to the plight of those affected. Humanitarian aid flowed into the region, while long-term recovery efforts required substantial rebuilding of homes and infrastructure. New safety building codes and awareness about earthquake preparedness began to emerge in response to the calamity. The earthquake served as a wakeup call for regional governments regarding disaster management and preparedness for future seismic events.