The conflict for control over Rio de Janeiro arose from ongoing territorial disputes between competing European powers, particularly France and Portugal, during the colonial era. Since the arrival of the French in Brazil, they had made inroads into the region, establishing a notable presence that threatened Portuguese interests. Estácio de Sá, a Portuguese military commander and explorer, recognized the urgency of addressing this French incursion to ensure Portugal’s dominance over its Brazilian territories. With a well-coordinated attack, Sá and his troops engaged the French forces in January 1567, employing strategic tactics to reclaim the critical coastal city. The battle unfolded on land and sea, as the Portuguese sought to cut off supply lines and reinforce their positions in the region.The culmination of Estácio de Sá’s systematic military approach led to significant losses for the French forces, who were unable to withstand the robust Portuguese assault. The outcome of this confrontation not only resulted in the French being driven out of Rio de Janeiro but also established Portuguese fortifications that would be crucial for the expansion of their colonial ambitions in South America. This victory ultimately allowed the Portuguese to consolidate their power and build further settlements along the Brazilian coast, solidifying their foothold in the New World.