The first Constitution of Turkey marked a pivotal moment in the country’s legislative history, reflecting a dramatic shift away from the Ottoman Empire's autocratic governance. Convened in Ankara, the Grand National Assembly, representing the emerging nationalist sentiment, drafted this Constitution amidst the Turkish War of Independence. Emphasizing the principle of national sovereignty, it fundamentally redefined the source and exercise of authority in the new state, prioritizing the rights of the people over the monarchial claims of the past. This legislation was integral for establishing a governance structure rooted in Turkish nationalism and democratization, simultaneously responding to both domestic demands for reform and international expectations of legitimacy post-World War I.

One of the most notable aspects of this Constitution was its dedication to the principles of sovereignty—that the ultimate authority lies with the nation rather than an individual ruler. This was a significant departure from the Ottoman practices, where power was centralized in the Sultan. The establishment of a legislative framework that guaranteed civil liberties, although limited, was an ambitious step forward in a predominantly traditional society, striving to modernize its political landscape. The Constitution also enshrined the separation of powers and laid down mechanisms for legislative processes, marking an essential facet of evolving Turkish national identity and governance.

In essence, the adoption of this Constitution represented an ideological and administrative transformation in Turkey, championing democracy and civic engagement. While its application was initially challenged by ongoing conflicts, it nonetheless signaled the aspirations of the Turkish people to build a new and independent state based upon the rule of law and civic virtue. The document ultimately served as a foundation for subsequent legal frameworks as Turkey transitioned into the Republic and addressed various reforms aimed at modernization and secularization.