In a significant diplomatic meeting, Spanish colonial authorities and Mapuche leaders came together at the Parliament of Boroa to renew the fragile peace agreements that had been forged in previous parliaments of Quillín in 1641 and 1647. This meeting signified a crucial effort to stabilize relations between the Spanish settlers and the indigenous Mapuche tribes in the southern regions of present-day Chile. The gathering involved the exchange of representatives, negotiation of treaties, and discussions of grievances from both sides, aiming to alleviate tensions that had resurged in the ongoing Arauco War. The focal point of the talks included the establishment of clear territorial boundaries, the resolution of conflicts over land use, and the commitment to uphold the rights and autonomy of the Mapuche people within the Spanish colonial framework.

The authorities aimed to tackle the complex dynamics of colonial rule and indigenous resistance, which had characterized the region for decades. This assembly was pivotal still, as it represented an attempt at diplomacy in a conflict marked by violence, distrust, and shifting allegiances. The outcomes of the assembly were essential as they not only sought to ensure continued peace but also provided a platform for addressing the needs and concerns of both groups, fostering an environment conducive to colonization efforts, and the eventual integration of the Mapuche into the Spanish economic sphere through trade and alliances.