Operation Coburg was a significant military engagement involving the 1st Australian Task Force during the Vietnam War. Launched in late January, the operation aimed to counteract the increasing presence and activities of North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong forces in the Long Bình and Biên Hòa areas. These locations were crucial due to their logistical importance and proximity to major urban centers, making them central to the conflict in South Vietnam. The operation unfolded amidst a broader offensive by North Vietnamese forces, known as the Tet Offensive, which was launched shortly thereafter, creating a complex and challenging combat environment for Australian troops.

The 1st Australian Task Force comprised various units that engaged in coordinated searches and assaults on enemy positions. During the course of operation, the Australian forces conducted several significant encounters, which resulted in a mixture of outcomes, including both setbacks and triumphs. The task force aimed not just to eliminate Viet Cong presence but also to gather intelligence and secure the area for the South Vietnamese government. The operation also highlighted the intricate dynamics of the multi-national forces engaged in Vietnam, as Australian troops often worked alongside American and South Vietnamese units.

In terms of tactical and operational focus, Operation Coburg employed a variety of strategies, including night raids and joint operations. This operation showcased the evolving nature of warfare in Vietnam, particularly the use of ambush tactics and the importance of air support. The broader context of Operation Coburg was greatly affected by the ongoing Tet Offensive, which further escalated the conflict and altered perceptions of the war both domestically in Australia and internationally, leading to intensifying debates about military involvement in Vietnam.