Caligula's assassination on January 24, 41, was the culmination of rising tensions and dissatisfaction within the Roman elite regarding his tyrannical rules. His eccentricities and whims had alienated many, and the conspirators, primarily members of the Senate and the Praetorian Guard, acted quickly to eliminate him. As chaos ensued post-assassination, the Praetorian Guard found themselves in a position of extraordinary influence. Recognizing the need for a stable hand to lead the empire, they proposed Claudius, who was initially underestimated due to his physical disabilities and perceived lack of political acumen.

Claudius, born in 10 BC, was the grandson of Augustus and the uncle of Caligula. Despite his awkward demeanor, he had demonstrated intelligence and a keen interest in governance during his nephew's reign. Once declared emperor, Claudius's first acts were focused on stabilizing Rome and consolidating power. His ability to navigate the complex political landscape was pivotal in earning the support of both the military and the Senate.

The transition from Caligula’s chaotic rule to Claudius's governance introduced significant changes. Claudius facilitated reforms, expanded the empire into Britain, and worked towards restoring the Senate's authority, showcasing that he was not merely a puppet of the Praetorian Guard. His reign marked the beginning of a more structured and pragmatic approach to imperial governance, setting the stage for the future of the Roman Empire.