The London Corresponding Society emerged from a growing need for political reform in late 18th century Britain, particularly in the shadow of the American and French revolutions. Founded by a group of articulate radicals, including Thomas Hardy, the society sought to address the lack of representation in Parliament. Members were primarily from the working class and were motivated by the Enlightenment's ideas of liberty and equality, drawing parallels with revolutionary movements overseas.

Regular meetings were held in various locations in London, where members discussed pressing issues such as the right to vote and laws that governed suffrage. The society utilized pamphlets and correspondence as tools to spread revolutionary ideas and rally support among the populace. The name 'Corresponding Society' reflects their intent to maintain communication and solidarity with other reformist groups across the nation.

As the society gained traction, it faced increasing scrutiny from government authorities suspicious of its radical agenda. The emergence of the society signified the rising tide of working-class political consciousness and the demand for social change, setting a precedent for future movements advocating for equity and justice in Britain. Ultimately, the society would play a crucial role in the broader reform movement that would significantly shape the political landscape of the country in the ensuing decades.