The establishment of the Finnish Defence Forces as the official army of independent Finland represented a significant turning point in the nation's quest for security and autonomy. Following Finland's declaration of independence from Russia in December 1917, the need for a dedicated military force became increasingly apparent amidst growing tensions. The burgeoning conflict, characterized by ideological divides between the 'Reds' (socialists) and 'Whites' (conservatives), necessitated a robust response to guard against both external and internal threats. Appointing Baron Carl Gustav Emil Mannerheim as Commander-in-Chief provided the newly formed army with experienced leadership; Mannerheim, a former Russian general, held knowledge and strategies valuable for the Finnish context. This appointment reflected both military and political aspirations for a unified and effective defense mechanism against potential aggressors.

The Finnish Defence Forces, often referred to as the White Guards, quickly became embroiled in the Finnish Civil War that erupted in early 1918, engaging in combat against the Red forces across the country. With their establishment, a framework for national defense was created, which involved not only military operations but also a broader social mobilization of citizens in support of the anti-socialist cause. Mannerheim’s leadership was instrumental in organizing the forces while fostering a sense of national identity and rallying public support.

Ultimately, the formation of the Finnish Defence Forces marked a pivotal moment in the nation’s journey towards solidifying its independence and identity. It laid the groundwork for Finland's modern military and reflected the enduring impacts of this period on Finnish society, politics, and defense strategy. The outcome of the Civil War further defined the role of the military within the newly independent state, setting precedents for future governance and military engagement.