The United States Coast Guard was officially created through an act of Congress signed into law on January 28, 1915. This legislation merged two existing maritime organizations: the Revenue Cutter Service, established in 1790, which focused on enforcing customs laws and maritime trade regulations, and the Lifesaving Service, which had provided vital search and rescue operations since its inception in 1848. The new service was tasked with a broad spectrum of duties, all aimed at ensuring the safety and security of the U.S. waters and its coastlines. By integrating these two entities, the Coast Guard aimed to streamline operations and enhance the effectiveness of U.S. maritime resources.The Coast Guard's establishment came during a time of increased maritime activity and the growing importance of the maritime economy to the United States. The government recognized the need for a specialized force that could respond to both law enforcement issues and search and rescue missions responsively. The legislation provided the Coast Guard with a dedicated framework, allowing it to act in various capacities such as law enforcement, environmental protection, and maritime safety. Furthermore, as a branch of the Armed Forces, the Coast Guard was positioned to assist in national defense and respond to wartime needs, reinforcing its role within the broader context of U.S. military operations.From its inception, the Coast Guard has developed a multifaceted mission, which has expanded over time to include combating drug smuggling, illegal immigration, and protecting marine resources. It has played a crucial role during both World Wars, responding to wartime demands, and has since adapted to meet emerging challenges such as natural disasters and climate change. The establishment of the Coast Guard represented not just a reorganization of existing services but also a commitment to a more structured approach to marine safety and enforcement in the United States.