The declaration of war by Great Britain against Spain in 1762 marked a pivotal moment in the Seven Years' War, a global conflict that embroiled multiple European powers and colonies across the world. The British government's decision stemmed from increasing tensions with Spain, driven by issues such as economic rivalries, maritime incidents, and the protection of British colonies. By declaring war, Britain sought to neutralize Spanish threats to its growing empire, particularly in the Caribbean and North America. The Spanish had been accused of supporting French adversaries and engaging in practices that undermined British trade and security. The declaration led to a series of military engagements and campaigns across various theaters, including naval battles in the Caribbean and land confrontations in Central America and the Philippines.

In a broader context, the entry of Spain into the Seven Years' War added a new dimension to the conflict, heightening the stakes for both France and Britain. As the war expanded, it played out on multiple fronts and involved a complex web of alliances and rivalries. The British engaged in military initiatives in the Caribbean aimed at capturing valuable Spanish ports and disrupting Spanish trade, while Spain, allied with France, sought to defend its territories and maintain its influence in the Americas. The war would ultimately reshape colonial possessions, set the stage for future conflicts, and alter international relations for decades to come.