In early 1822, a significant political development occurred when the provinces of Central America took a decisive step towards becoming part of the First Mexican Empire. The votes from provincial assemblies, particularly from prominent areas such as Guatemala and Honduras, indicated strong support for the annexation. This decision was born out of a desire for political stability and economic unity in the wake of chaotic transitions following their recent independence from Spanish colonial rule.

The federation of Central America was short-lived, fractured by local interests and regional differences. The push for annexation represented a moment when many leaders believed that aligning with a more powerful neighbor could provide the requisite structure and security. Mexican Emperor Agustín de Iturbide had swept into power as a reaction to the liberation movements, appealing to the idea of a united Mexican Empire that included Central America.

However, the anticipation of this annexation drew mixed reactions. While some viewed it as a promising opportunity for shared prosperity, others feared the loss of autonomy and regional identity. Notably, resistance emerged from local leaders who aimed to protect their sovereignty, leading to an eventual decline in the momentum for annexation. The integration of Central America into Mexico was a complex proposition, filled with both optimism and concern over the viability of such a political union.