The assault on Charlie Hebdo took place during the magazine's regular editorial meeting. Preceding the attack, Charlie Hebdo had faced numerous threats due to its controversial cartoons, particularly those portraying the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, which many Muslims found offensive. The gunmen, armed with assault rifles, entered the office around 11:30 AM, opening fire indiscriminately. Among the deceased were prominent cartoonists, journalists, and police officers. The attackers shouted 'Allahu Akbar' while carrying out the massacre, underscoring the ideological motivations behind the assault. Following the attack, the gunmen fled the scene, initiating a major police operation that would eventually lead to further violence in Paris over the next few days.

In the aftermath, France observed a nationwide day of mourning, with millions participating in rallies to honor the victims and to express solidarity for freedom of expression. The phrase “Je suis Charlie” became a global rallying cry, symbolizing unity against the alleged suppression of free speech. The attack raised urgent discussions regarding the balance between free speech and respect for religious beliefs, as well as the responsibilities of media in the context of political correctness and the limits of satire.

The event sparked international condemnation of terrorism and prompted France and other countries to reassess their security measures against extremist threats. Additionally, it heightened awareness regarding the dangers faced by journalists and cartoonists worldwide, leading to calls for better protection for those who challenge oppressive ideologies.