Notable Historical Dates On This Day January 9th
From world-changing moments to lesser-known milestones, history is happening all around us—every single day. Explore the key events that shaped the world on this very date, and uncover the fascinating stories that connect the past to today.
Council Implements Measures Against Jews
King Erwig of the Visigoths convened the Twelfth Council of Toledo, addressing religious and social issues, particularly targeting the Jewish population in Spain. The council enacted a series of laws that restricted Jewish religious practices and civil rights. These measures reflected the growing tensions between Christians and Jews in the region, as Erwig sought to unify the Visigothic realm under a singular Christian doctrine. The council's decisions aimed to impose conversion and limit Jewish influence, marking a significant moment in the history of religious policies in Spain.
Continue ReadingDevastating Earthquake Strikes Dingxiang, China
An earthquake hit Dingxiang, a city in Shanxi province, causing severe destruction and loss of lives. Estimates indicate that around 32,300 people perished due to the quake. The earthquake not only obliterated buildings and infrastructure but also had profound societal impacts, displacing countless families and disrupting local economies. The magnitude of the disaster prompted immediate responses from surrounding areas for aid and recovery efforts. This catastrophe highlighted the vulnerability of communities in seismically active regions.
Continue ReadingJurchen Siege of Kaifeng Captures Emperor Qinzong
Jurchen soldiers from the Jin dynasty launched a military campaign against the Song dynasty, resulting in the siege and sacking of Bianjing, the capital city known as Kaifeng. The attack culminated in the capture of Emperor Qinzong of Song, alongside other members of the court. This incursion played a crucial role in the transition of power in Northern China during the Jin–Song Wars.
Continue ReadingBasel's Jewish Population Rounded Up and Incinerated
In Basel, fear and superstition led to the mass rounding up and incineration of the Jewish population, whom many residents blamed for the Black Death ravaging Europe. Accusations of poisoning wells and spreading disease fueled this brutal act of violence against the community, who had lived in Basel for generations. The incident occurred amidst widespread hysteria and a desperate search for scapegoats amid the pandemic crisis.
Continue ReadingTrial of Joan of Arc Commences in Rouen
The trial of Joan of Arc began in Rouen, facing charges of heresy and cross-dressing. This moment marked a pivotal point in her life, stemming from her role in the Hundred Years' War, where she claimed divine guidance for France's liberation. The English authorities aimed to discredit her influence and undermine the French morale, using this trial as a political weapon. In the court, she was interrogated about her visions and the clothing she wore, which was deemed unacceptable for a woman. Joan staunchly defended herself, asserting her faith and the divine messages she received.
Continue ReadingDevastating Earthquake Strikes Sicily and Malta
A powerful earthquake struck Sicily and Malta, devastating the region with immense destruction. The first quake initiated significant damage, particularly to the cities of Catania, Messina, and Syracuse. The aftershocks during subsequent weeks led to further ruin and a staggering loss of life, with estimates ranging from 60,000 to 100,000 fatalities. The seismic events prompted a humanitarian crisis and widespread rebuilding efforts.
Continue ReadingAhmad Shah Durrani's Victory Over the Marathas
The Battle of Barari Ghat saw Ahmad Shah Durrani decisively defeat the Maratha forces near the Barari Ghat region. This conflict was pivotal as it marked a significant shift in power dynamics in India during the 18th century. The battle was characterized by intense skirmishes, strategic maneuvers, and showcased the military prowess of Durrani's forces against the Marathas, who were then one of the most influential powers in the Indian subcontinent. The engagement resulted in substantial losses for the Marathas, further weakening their influence in the region.
Continue ReadingTransfer of the Black Nazarene to Quiapo Church
The Black Nazarene, a revered religious image, was transferred to its current shrine at Quiapo Church, marking a significant event for Catholic devotees in Manila. This solemn transfer is celebrated annually through the Traslación, which attracts millions of participants who escort the image through the streets of Manila in a display of faith and devotion.
Continue ReadingConnecticut Ratifies the Constitution
Connecticut became the fifth state to ratify the United States Constitution, with the vote taking place in New Haven. The ratification was crucial in shaping the early framework of the United States and reflected the growing support for a stronger federal government among the states. Delegates convened to discuss the Constitution and ultimately agreed to ratify it.
Continue ReadingTreaty of Jassy Ends Russo-Turkish War
The Treaty of Jassy was signed, concluding the Russo-Turkish War of 1787-1792 between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. The treaty formalized territorial changes, with Russia gaining significant land along the Black Sea. Diplomatic representatives from both empires negotiated the terms, paving the way for over two decades of peace. The signing occurred in Jassy, present-day Romania, signaling a shift in regional power dynamics in Eastern Europe.
Continue ReadingJean-Pierre Blanchard's First Balloon Flight in America
Jean-Pierre Blanchard ascended into the sky aboard his hydrogen balloon in Philadelphia, marking a remarkable milestone as the first person to fly in a balloon in the United States. This adventurous feat captivated the audience of onlookers gathered to witness this innovative method of human flight. The flight lasted approximately 45 minutes, covering around five miles before safely descending. Blanchard’s successful flight showcased the potential of ballooning and inspired further interest in aviation.
Continue ReadingIntroduction of Income Tax by Pitt the Younger
William Pitt the Younger implemented a new income tax of two shillings per pound to finance Great Britain's military operations during the ongoing Napoleonic Wars. This marked a significant shift in the British taxation system and aimed to bolster war funds as the nation faced enormous financial pressures. The decision followed previous taxation measures and arose from the desperate need to support the military amidst growing expenses.
Continue ReadingAdmiral Nelson’s State Funeral in St. Paul's Cathedral
Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson, a renowned naval commander, received a grand state funeral at St. Paul's Cathedral, London. His body was transported from the HMS Victory, adorned with symbols of his naval achievements. The ceremony reflected the nation's profound respect and admiration for his role in the Napoleonic Wars, particularly his victories at the Battle of Trafalgar. This event became a significant moment in British naval history, symbolizing national pride and mourning for a national hero.
Continue ReadingHumphry Davy Tests Safety Lamp at Colliery
Humphry Davy demonstrated his invention of the safety lamp at the Hebburn Colliery in Tyne and Wear, UK, enhancing miner safety. The lamp, which protected against methane explosions, was a groundbreaking advancement in mining technology. Davy's tests marked a significant milestone in efforts to reduce the perilous conditions faced by miners during coal extraction.
Continue ReadingPedro I Declares Support for Brazilian Independence
Pedro I of Brazil, defying King João VI, chose to remain in Brazil, signaling the beginning of Brazil's independence movement. This decision took place amid rising tensions between Brazil and Portugal over political control and governance. Pedro's choice was fueled by increasing nationalist sentiments in Brazil advocating for autonomy and self-rule. The moment marked a pivotal shift in the relationship between Brazil and its colonial ruler, stirring public support and further galvanizing independence efforts across the country.
Continue ReadingDaguerreotype Photography Process Unveiled
The French Academy of Sciences formally announced the invention of the Daguerreotype process, a revolutionary photographic technique developed by Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre. This innovation provided a means to capture images with unprecedented clarity and detail. The announcement marked a significant milestone in visual art and technology, paving the way for advancements in photography. Attendees expressed enthusiasm over the potential of this new medium, which would soon transform how people documented their lives and surroundings.
Continue ReadingFort Tejon Earthquake Rocks California
A powerful earthquake, measuring 7.9 Mw, struck Central and Southern California. It reached a maximum intensity of IX on the Mercalli scale, indicating violent shaking. The quake caused significant damage to structures and was felt over a vast area, with reports indicating tremors as far away as San Francisco. Many residents experienced fear and uncertainty as this natural disaster unfolded.
Continue ReadingBritish Victory Over Rajab Ali Khan of Chittagong
The British forces achieved a decisive victory against Rajab Ali Khan in Chittagong, marking a critical turning point in their efforts to consolidate control over Bengal. Rajab Ali Khan, a prominent local leader, had resisted British rule and rallied significant local support. The confrontation culminated in a battle that showcased British military prowess and brought an end to local resistance in the region, reaffirming British dominance in East Bengal.
Continue ReadingMississippi's Secession from the Union
Mississippi became the second state to secede from the United States on January 9, 1861. The secession followed South Carolina's earlier decision in December 1860, as tensions rose over states' rights and slavery. A special convention in Jackson ratified the secession after a heated debate, reflecting the prevailing pro-slavery sentiment and desire for autonomy among Southern states. This critical moment signaled a deepening rift between the North and South, setting the stage for the ensuing American Civil War.
Continue ReadingStar of the West Incident Near Charleston
The 'Star of the West,' a merchant ship, was fired upon while attempting to deliver supplies to Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. This action was significant as it marked one of the first aggressive military actions in the unfolding tensions between the North and South. Confederate forces aimed to assert control over the fort, which was a symbol of Union presence in the South. Their firing served as a clear signal of the rising hostilities that would escalate into the American Civil War.
Continue ReadingUmberto I Ascends to Italy's Throne
On this significant occasion, Umberto I became the King of Italy following the assassination of his predecessor, King Victor Emmanuel II. Born as Umberto, Prince of Savoy, he took on the royal responsibilities amidst a period of transformation in Italy. The event marked the start of his reign in the Palace of Quirinal in Rome, where he formally accepted the crown, promising to uphold and protect the newly united nation.
Continue ReadingHallam Tennyson Becomes Governor-General of Australia
Hallam Tennyson, son of poet Alfred Tennyson, was appointed as the second Governor-General of Australia. His tenure began amid significant political and social changes in the Australian colonies. Tennyson's role involved representing the Crown and performing various ceremonial duties. His governing focused on solidifying the links between Australia and Britain, addressing matters like immigration and economic growth. With a strong literary background and connections, Hallam was expected to navigate the growing Australian identity and its relationship with the British Empire.
Continue ReadingShackleton Plants Flag Near South Pole
Ernest Shackleton led the Nimrod Expedition to plant the British flag 97 nautical miles from the South Pole. This monumental achievement marked the farthest point south reached at that time, showcasing the spirit of exploration and the challenges faced in extreme conditions. Shackleton's team braved harsh weather, scarce resources, and the relentless Antarctic environment to make this significant mark in Antarctic exploration.
Continue ReadingFounding of Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity
Phi Beta Sigma fraternity was founded by African-American students at Howard University in Washington, D.C., aiming to foster brotherhood, scholarship, and service among its members. Founded by A. Langston Taylor, Leonard F. Morse, and Charles I. Brown, the fraternity sought to address the social challenges faced by African-American men and emphasize the importance of community service and academic excellence. The fraternity's establishment marked a significant step in civil rights and provided a platform for African-American students to unite and support one another during a time of racial segregation.
Continue ReadingGallipoli Campaign Ends with Ottoman Victory
The Battle of Gallipoli concluded with the evacuation of the last Allied forces, marking a significant victory for the Ottoman Empire. This campaign, waged during World War I, was aimed at securing a sea route to Russia and opening a new front against the Central Powers. The Allies, comprising primarily British and ANZAC troops, failed to gain crucial ground despite months of fighting. The withdrawal was necessitated by heavy losses and logistical challenges.
Continue ReadingBattle of Rafa Near Egyptian Border
The Battle of Rafa was a significant military engagement during World War I, fought near the Egyptian border with Palestine. The conflict involved British Empire forces against the Ottoman Empire. It was part of the larger Sinai and Palestine Campaign, aimed at securing the Suez Canal and advancing into Ottoman territory. The battle commenced on January 9, 1917, resulting in a decisive victory for British forces, which helped to solidify their control over the region.
Continue ReadingThe Final Battle of the Indian Wars
The Battle of Bear Valley marked a significant clash between U.S. military forces and the last remnants of the American Indian resistance. Taking place in California, this confrontation saw a group of Modoc Indians led by Chief Kintpuash engaged against a combined U.S. force. The battle resulted from continuous encroachment on Native lands and escalating tensions. Though critically outnumbered, the Modocs fought fiercely against the intrusion that was emblematic of broader conflicts for survival and autonomy among Native American tribes.
Continue ReadingBolshevik Decree Against Makhnovist Movement
The All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee issued a decree outlawing the Makhnovshchina, led by Nestor Makhno. This decree prompted escalating tensions between the Bolsheviks and Makhnovists, who had previously collaborated against common foes. The decision marked a significant turning point in the Ukrainian War of Independence, as it solidified the rift between the two factions. Makhno and his supporters resisted Bolshevik authority while continuing their fight for an independent and libertarian Ukraine.
Continue ReadingFirst Battle of İnönü Begins Near Eskişehir
The First Battle of İnönü marked a significant engagement during the Greco-Turkish War, taking place near Eskişehir in Anatolia. Fought between the forces of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, led by İsmet İnönü, and the Greek army, this battle was part of the struggle for territorial control in the region. The battle commenced in early September 1921, with the Turkish forces defending against a larger Greek force aiming to capture critical areas in Anatolia. The conflict was fueled by differing national aspirations, which culminated in a fight for dominance in the post-World War I landscape.
Continue ReadingLithuanian Rebellion in Memel Territory
Lithuanian residents in the Memel Territory revolted against the League of Nations' decision to place the region under French control. This led to heightened tensions and violence as local authorities attempted to assert their authority. The conflict characterized the struggle of the Lithuanians to reclaim their national identity in an area long disputed between Germany and Lithuania, reflecting their deep-seated desires for sovereignty and self-governance.
Continue ReadingJuan de la Cierva's First Autogyro Flight
Juan de la Cierva successfully made the first flight of his autogyro, an aircraft that employs rotary wings for lift and a conventional forward propulsion system, on September 1, 1923. The flight took place in Getafe, Spain, marking a significant advancement in aviation technology. De la Cierva aimed to create a safer flying machine that could take off and land in smaller spaces, which would be particularly useful for military and civilian applications. This innovative design laid the groundwork for future rotorcraft developments.
Continue ReadingTragic Fire at Laurier Palace Theatre
A devastating fire occurred at the Laurier Palace theatre in Montreal during a children's matinee show. The theatre was packed with around 400 children when the fire broke out due to a short circuit in the projection room. Seventy-eight children lost their lives in the chaos and smoke as they tried to escape. The tragedy highlighted severe safety regulations and sparked a public outcry for better protection in public venues.
Continue ReadingFirst Flight of the Avro Lancaster Bomber
The Avro Lancaster bomber made its maiden flight on September 1st, 1941, from the Avro airfield in Chadderton, England. Designed primarily for the Royal Air Force, this heavy bomber was intended to carry out strategic bombing missions over Germany. Piloted by Chief Test Pilot H.G. McLellan, the Lancaster showcased advanced engineering, featuring a spacious bomb bay and a single, powerful Merlin engine. Its introduction marked a leap in aerial capabilities during World War II pursuits, enhancing the Royal Air Force's effectiveness in the conflict.
Continue ReadingSixth United States Army Invades Lingayen Gulf
The Sixth United States Army initiated a significant amphibious assault at Lingayen Gulf, Philippines, marking a crucial step in the campaign to retake the Philippines from Japanese control during World War II. The invasion was part of General Douglas MacArthur’s strategy to liberate the Philippines and included intensive naval and air support. The landing forces were met with fierce resistance from Japanese troops strategically positioned along the beaches. Undeterred, American forces managed to establish a beachhead, facilitating further operations to regain control of Luzon and ultimately the Philippines.
Continue ReadingSir Anthony Eden Resigns as Prime Minister
Following a failed military intervention to regain control of the Suez Canal from Egypt, British Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden resigned from office. The decision stemmed from the public backlash and international condemnation faced after the Suez Crisis, which began in late 1956. Eden's government struggled to recover from the political fallout, ultimately leading to his resignation amid growing discontent within Parliament and the populace.
Continue ReadingVega de Tera Dam Failure Floods Ribadelago
The Vega de Tera dam, located in Spain, failed on September 1, 1959, resulting in a catastrophic flood that nearly obliterated the town of Ribadelago. The dam's failure sent a massive wall of water cascading down into the valley, overwhelming the small town and leading to the deaths of 144 residents. This disaster was intensified by heavy rainfall that had already saturated the ground, weakening the dam's structure and contributing to its eventual collapse.
Continue ReadingGamal Abdel Nasser Initiates Aswan Dam Construction
President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt inaugurated the construction of the Aswan Dam by detonating ten tons of dynamite to dismantle twenty tons of granite on the east bank of the Nile. This monumental moment marked the beginning of a significant project aimed at modernizing Egypt’s infrastructure and boosting its economy. The dam was envisioned as a means to control flooding, provide water for irrigation, and generate hydroelectric power, crucial for the country's development and prosperity.
Continue ReadingSoviet Spy Ring Uncovered in London
British authorities announced the discovery of the Soviet Portland spy ring operating in London, which conducted espionage activities primarily related to military intelligence. The investigation revealed that several suspects were gathering sensitive information for the Soviet Union. This surveillance intensified during the Cold War, aiming to undermine Western security. The British government took significant measures to combat such espionage operations and protect national interests.
Continue ReadingNASA Announces Plans for Advanced Saturn Rocket
NASA announced plans to develop the C-5 rocket, initially known as the 'Advanced Saturn', aimed at carrying humans to the Moon. This announcement was part of the Apollo program’s efforts to achieve lunar landing objectives set by President John F. Kennedy. The rocket's design was intended to exceed the capabilities of the earlier Saturn I and Saturn IB rockets, essential for the planned missions to the Moon. Engineers and administrators were eager to utilize advanced technology to ensure the success of future manned lunar missions.
Continue ReadingPanamanian Flag Raising Sparks Violence
Several Panamanian youths attempted to raise the Panamanian flag at the U.S.-controlled Panama Canal Zone, triggering confrontations with U.S. military forces. The incident escalated into a brawl, showcasing rising tensions over sovereignty and control of the Canal area. This expression of nationalism by the youths highlighted the growing discontent among Panamanian citizens regarding U.S. presence and influence in the region.
Continue ReadingUS and Iraq Pursue Peace in Geneva
Representatives from the United States and Iraq gathered to discuss a peaceful resolution to the ongoing conflict stemming from Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. This meeting aimed to address the tensions that had escalated since the invasion in August 1990 and sought to open lines of communication to potentially negotiate a ceasefire. The Geneva Peace Conference was a significant platform for both parties to express their positions and explore diplomatic solutions to restore peace and stability in the region.
Continue ReadingCreation of Republika Srpska in Bosnia
Representatives of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina convened a notable assembly to declare the establishment of Republika Srpska, a new entity within Yugoslavia. This assembly highlighted the political aspirations of Bosnian Serbs, reflecting ethnic divisions amidst growing tensions. The proclamation aimed to establish a Serbian national territory, asserting self-determination during the turbulent period leading up to the Bosnian War. Key leaders, such as Radovan Karadžić, played a pivotal role in the assembly's proceedings and the declaration of this new state.
Continue ReadingFirst Discovery of Extrasolar Planets Announced
Astronomers Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail announced the discovery of two planets orbiting the pulsar PSR 1257+12. This groundbreaking finding marked the first confirmed detection of planets outside our solar system, shedding light on the potential for planets to exist in diverse cosmic environments. The discovery was made using radio telescopes at Arecibo Observatory, Puerto Rico, showcasing the innovative methods employed in astrophysical research.
Continue ReadingKizlyar Hostage Crisis by Chechen Separatists
Chechen separatists launched a raid on a helicopter airfield and a civilian hospital in Kizlyar, Dagestan. This attack escalated into a massive hostage crisis, involving thousands of civilians caught in the violence. The operation highlighted the reach of Chechen forces into Russian territory, showcasing the ongoing conflict between Russian federal forces and Chechen separatists seeking independence.
Continue ReadingComair Flight 3272 crashes in Michigan
Comair Flight 3272, a Bombardier Canadair CRJ-200, crashed near Raisinville Township in Monroe County, Michigan, killing all 29 people on board. The aircraft, operated by Comair as a Delta Connection flight, was en route from Cincinnati, Ohio, to Detroit, Michigan. Shortly after takeoff, the flight began experiencing severe icing conditions, which contributed to the loss of control and subsequent crash into a field. The incident underscored the significant challenges of winter flying and the importance of monitoring weather conditions.
Continue ReadingTANS Perú Flight 222 crashes near Chachapoyas
TANS Perú Flight 222, a domestic flight, encountered severe weather while approaching Chachapoyas Airport in Peru. The aircraft, an Fokker F28 Fellowship, crashed into mountainous terrain, resulting in the tragic loss of 46 lives onboard. Despite efforts from the crew to navigate through challenging conditions, the flight was unable to complete its approach safely, leading to the disaster in a remote area known for its difficult flying conditions. Investigations aimed to uncover the causes behind the crash, highlighting the risks involved in air travel in Peru’s diverse geography.
Continue ReadingTragic Capsizing of Albanian Migrant Boat
An inflatable boat carrying illegal Albanian emigrants stalled near the Karaburun Peninsula while en route to Brindisi, Italy. The incident led to the exposure of passengers to harsh weather conditions, ultimately resulting in the deaths of 28 individuals. This catastrophe highlighted the severe risks associated with illegal migration from Albania during this period.
Continue ReadingComprehensive Peace Agreement Signed in Sudan
The Sudan People's Liberation Movement and the Government of Sudan signed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in Nairobi, Kenya, aimed at resolving the long-standing Second Sudanese Civil War. This agreement laid the foundation for greater autonomy for Southern Sudan and outlined power-sharing arrangements between the North and South. The negotiations highlighted issues of governance, resource allocation, and cultural recognition, making a significant step towards peace in the region.
Continue ReadingMahmoud Abbas Elected President of Palestinian Authority
Mahmoud Abbas was elected to replace Rawhi Fattouh as the President of the Palestinian National Authority in a pivotal election. The vote, which followed the passing of longtime leader Yasser Arafat, was held on January 9, 2005. Abbas, a member of Fatah and an advocate for peaceful resolution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, garnered significant support amidst a backdrop of hope for renewed diplomatic efforts.
Continue ReadingSteve Jobs unveils the original iPhone
At a Macworld keynote in San Francisco, Steve Jobs introduced the first iPhone, a revolutionary device combining a mobile phone, iPod, and internet communicator. This event marked the beginning of a new era in mobile technology, showcasing features such as a touchscreen interface, visual voicemail, and a sleek design. With Jobs' charismatic presentation, he highlighted the device's potential to change how people interacted with technology. This unveiling set the stage for Apple's entry into the smartphone market, captivating the audience and tech enthusiasts alike.
Continue ReadingIran Air Flight 277 crashes in icy conditions
Iran Air Flight 277 experienced a fatal crash near Urmia due to icy conditions. The aircraft, a McDonnell Douglas MD-83, was attempting to land at Urmia Airport when it lost control and went down. A total of 78 people on board were killed, making it one of the deadliest aviation accidents in Iran's history. The weather conditions at the time were poor, characterized by heavy snowfall and low visibility, which contributed to the tragic outcome of this flight.
Continue ReadingExplosion at Mitsubishi Chemical Plant in Yokkaichi
An explosion occurred at the Mitsubishi Materials chemical plant in Yokkaichi, Japan, resulting in at least five fatalities and 17 injuries. The blast, which took place during the plant's operation, raised concerns about safety measures in industrial facilities. Emergency services responded promptly, and investigations were initiated to understand the cause of the explosion, highlighting the risks associated with chemical production.
Continue ReadingContaminated Beer Causes Mass Poisoning in Mozambique
At a funeral in Mozambique, beer contaminated with Burkholderia gladioli led to a mass poisoning incident that left 75 people dead and over 230 individuals ill. The event occurred during a traditional funeral gathering, where attendees consumed the tainted beverage. Initial investigations pointed to the use of local ingredients for brewing, which had been compromised. This tragic incident cast a spotlight on food safety and public health practices in Mozambique.
Continue ReadingCharlie Hebdo Attack Perpetrators Killed in Siege
Following the Charlie Hebdo shooting, two assailants, Cherif Kouachi and Said Kouachi, were killed during a hostage situation at a printing company in Dammartin-en-Goële. Meanwhile, another hostage crisis unfolded at a kosher supermarket in Vincennes, where Amedy Coulibaly, affiliated with the attackers, held several hostages. The police responded to both incidents, ultimately resulting in fatalities and the freeing of hostages.
Continue ReadingSriwijaya Air Flight 182 crashes north of Jakarta
Sriwijaya Air Flight 182 tragically crashed on its way from Jakarta to Pontianak, Indonesia, shortly after takeoff. The Boeing 737-500 lost contact with air traffic control about four minutes into the flight. Rescue efforts were initiated quickly, leading to the recovery of debris and human remains from the Java Sea. All 62 people aboard, including passengers and crew, were confirmed dead.
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