The Cullin-la-ringo massacre occurred in Queensland, Australia, where nineteen European settlers were killed by Aboriginal Australians on a property known as Cullin-la-ringo on the 17th of October 1861. The conflict arose against the backdrop of increasing European settlement in Australia, which led to significant land dispossession and cultural upheaval for Indigenous communities. European settlers encroached on Aboriginal lands for agriculture and grazing, often disregarding the established land rights of Aboriginal people. Tensions escalated frequently, resulting in violent clashes between the two groups. As settlers continued to move into and occupy Indigenous lands, their incursions prompted resistance from Aboriginal Australians, who sought to defend their territory and way of life.On that fateful day, settlers were working on their homestead when they were attacked by a large group of Aboriginal people. The violence was swift and fatal, resulting in the deaths of nineteen settlers. This incident is widely considered one of the deadliest attacks on European settlers by Aboriginal Australians during this tumultuous period known as the Australian frontier wars. The aftermath of the Cullin-la-ringo massacre saw not only the loss of lives but also the intensification of retaliatory campaigns by settlers and colonial authorities, further escalating violence in future interactions. The massacre has been a focal point for historians studying the impacts of colonization on Aboriginal populations in Australia, as well as the broader implications of European settlement. The consequences of this event were felt across the region, exacerbating the cycle of violence and leading to further displacement and strife between Indigenous Australians and European settlers in the years that followed.