Count Bernhard von Bülow's appointment as Chancellor of Germany marked a significant moment in the political landscape of the German Empire. Following the resignation of Prince Chlodwig von Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Bülow took office with a reputation as a skilled diplomat and politician, nurtured through his previous roles including the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Von Bülow was closely aligned with the policies of Emperor Wilhelm II, and his ascendance to the chancellorship was seen as a shift toward more assertive foreign policy. He aimed to solidify Germany's power on the world stage amidst growing international tensions and competition among the European powers, particularly in the realms of imperialism and military preparedness.

During his chancellorship, von Bülow focused on various key areas, including colonial expansion, naval rearmament, and strengthening ties with Austria-Hungary. He advocated for a more aggressive stance against Britain and France, trying to enhance Germany's influence in Africa and Asia. He also faced challenges related to internal politics, where maintaining support from the Reichstag proved to be a continuous battle, as opposition to military spending and colonial policies was on the rise among various political factions.

Bülow's leadership style was characterized by his attempts to balance the demands of the Kaiser and the Reichstag, which often placed him at the center of political conflicts. His policies and actions would set the stage for Germany’s eventual involvement in World War I, highlighting the challenges of managing a burgeoning empire with diverse interests and increasingly complex international relationships. Ultimately, Bülow's time in office would span until 1909, during which he dealt with numerous crises and attempts at reform that would have a lasting impact on both German politics and the European geopolitical landscape.