In 2003, Bolivia experienced a major political crisis driven by widespread discontent over the government's plans to export natural gas to the United States and Mexico. Protests erupted across the country, largely fueled by opposition groups, including indigenous organizations and labor unions, who perceived the gas export plans as a betrayal of national sovereignty. The protests escalated in October, with demonstrators demanding nationalization of gas resources and greater benefits for the local population. The government's heavy-handed response, including military and police clashes with activists, led to a notable increase in violence and highlighted the divisions within Bolivian society regarding economic policies.In this charged atmosphere, Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, who initially won the presidency with promises of economic reform, faced increasing pressure and calls for his resignation. Amid mounting casualties and public outrage, he was ultimately forced to resign on October 18, seeking refuge in the United States. His departure marked a significant turning point in Bolivian politics, resulting in the ascension of interim leaders and a shift in governmental power dynamics. The culmination of the gas conflict not only dismantled the existing administration but also prompted a reevaluation of Bolivia's natural resource policies and the role of foreign investment in the country, setting the stage for subsequent leadership changes and reforms in the following years.