Chile and Bolivia Sign Treaty of Peace and Friendship

October 20th, 1904

October 20th, 1904

Chile and Bolivia Sign Treaty of Peace and Friendship
How Long Ago?

120 years, 4 months, 23 days ago

Location

La Paz, Bolivia

Category

Politics & Government

War/Conflict

War of the Pacific

People
  • Giacomo de Selva
  • Hernán Ocampo
Links & References
Tags

Chile and Bolivia Sign Treaty of Peace and Friendship

Bolivia and Chile signed a treaty defining their border, resolving territorial disputes stemming from the War of the Pacific. The agreement established Chile's control over the coastal region of Antofagasta, which had been a major point of contention. This marked a significant step in normalizing relations between the two nations following years of conflict and diplomatic tensions.

Defined bilateral borders between Chile and Bolivia.

Ended territorial disputes from the War of the Pacific.

Bolivia lost its access to the sea permanently.

Influenced future Chile-Bolivia relations significantly.

What Happened?

In the aftermath of the War of the Pacific (1879-1884), which pitted Chile against Bolivia and Peru, territorial disputes left deep scars and complicated diplomatic relations. The Treaty of Peace and Friendship, signed in 1904, aimed to solve the tensions surrounding the coastal territory known as the 'Littoral Zone.' As a result of the war, Bolivia lost its coastal access to the Pacific Ocean, assimilating the regions of Antofagasta and Tarapacá into Chile. This treaty established the definitive borders between Chile and Bolivia, facilitating economic cooperation and enhancing Chile's strategic position in the region.

The treaty was signed in La Paz, Bolivia, by representatives from both nations, and it included provisions regarding trade, transit rights, and the obligation to maintain peaceful relations. Notably, it also recognized Bolivia's sovereignty over its territory despite its lack of access to the ocean. Although this agreement ended hostilities, Bolivia's loss of coastal territory remains a contentious issue in Bolivian politics, often referred to as the 'maritime question.'

The signing of the treaty marked a transformation in diplomatic ties, transitioning from conflict to cooperation. Chile emerged as a regional power while Bolivia was left landlocked, prompting historical grievances, economic implications, and nationalistic sentiments within Bolivia. The implications of this agreement would persist, influencing future negotiations and diplomatic relations.

Why Does it Matter?

The signing of the Treaty of Peace and Friendship is significant for its long-term diplomatic effects. While it resolved immediate territorial disputes, it also solidified Bolivia's landlocked status, leading to ongoing discussions about access to the sea. The geopolitical dynamics between Chile and Bolivia have continued to be shaped by this treaty, influencing trade, national identity, and regional cooperation. Its ramifications are felt even in contemporary political discourse in both countries.

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