The Jaffna hospital massacre happened when Indian peacekeeping forces, deployed in Sri Lanka to maintain order and support the government against Tamil insurgents, launched a military operation in Jaffna. This operation was part of a larger initiative to stabilize the region, which had been marred by intense conflict between the Sri Lankan government and Tamil separatist groups such as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). During this operation, the troops entered the Jaffna Teaching Hospital, where a large number of Tamil patients and medical staff were present. In the ensuing chaos, approximately 70 individuals, including patients, doctors, and nurses, lost their lives.Eyewitnesses and reports indicate that the Indian forces mistakenly believed that Tamil militants were using the hospital as a refuge, leading to a violent confrontation. The military action at a facility meant for healing and care sparked outrage among the Tamil population and human rights organizations worldwide. Criticism of the Indian peacekeeping operation grew, highlighting the tragic consequences of military actions in civilian spaces and the complexities of intervening in ethnic conflicts.As the conflict continued, this incident became a glaring example of the challenges faced by foreign peacekeeping forces in ethnically divided societies. It not only strained relations between the local Tamil population and Indian forces but also had lasting effects on the broader conflict dynamics within Sri Lanka, including increased hostility toward Indian intervention and a resurgence of militant activity among Tamil groups.