Zambia, formerly known as Northern Rhodesia, achieved its independence from British colonial rule on October 24, 1964. The journey toward independence was shaped by local nationalist movements and the broader context of decolonization across Africa. The African National Congress, the Zambia African National Congress, and various political groups challenged colonial governance, advocating for self-rule that was closely tied to the rise of African nationalism. Key figures in this struggle included Kenneth Kaunda, who emerged as a prominent leader advocating for independence and subsequently became Zambia's first president. The post-World War II era saw a surge in calls for decolonization, influenced by global movements emphasizing the rights to self-determination. The transition to independence entailed negotiations with British authorities, culminating in a peaceful agreement. On the day of independence, jubilant celebrations erupted across the country, symbolizing the collective aspirations of Zambians as they embraced their newly acquired national identity. The new flag of Zambia, adopted during this period, reflected the freedom and aspirations of the people, featuring a colorful design and an eagle representing strength and freedom.