Chang'e 1 was a groundbreaking mission for China, marking its entry into the domain of lunar exploration. Launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, the satellite embarked on a mission to orbit the moon, conduct high-resolution mapping, and analyze the lunar surface’s mineral composition. The satellite was equipped with advanced scientific instruments, including a stereoscopic camera and a gamma-ray spectrometer. The mission's objectives were to facilitate a deeper understanding of the moon, paving the way for China’s future manned lunar missions.

The Chang'e program is named after the Chinese goddess of the moon, symbolizing the cultural significance of lunar exploration in Chinese lore. This program began as part of China's broader ambitions in space technology, demonstrating its commitment to developing a robust aerospace program. By successfully launching Chang'e 1, China not only showcased its technological capabilities but also strengthened its position globally as an emerging space power. The mission would last for about a year, during which time extensive data was collected and sent back to Earth for analysis.

The launch was celebrated nationally and signaled the start of a new era in Chinese space exploration. The scientific community anticipated the results eagerly, hoping that Chang'e 1 would provide insights into the moon's resources and geological history, which would drive future missions both by China and other nations. In addition to research, the mission was intended to foster international cooperation in lunar studies and space exploration.