The Fourth Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers, and Insurgents held in Oleksandrivsk was a significant gathering during a tumultuous period in Ukrainian history. This congress, organized by the Makhnovshchina, a revolutionary movement led by Nestor Makhno, aimed to address the needs and challenges of rural workers and insurgents amid the Russian Civil War. As the Ukrainian countryside faced the dual threats of the White Army and foreign intervention, convening such a congress was crucial for developing coordinated resistance strategies.

Delegates representing various local communes came together, forming a collective voice for the peasant and worker population. Discussions at the congress revolved around urgent issues, such as land redistribution, political autonomy, and the establishment of workers' councils. The participants sought to unify peasants and insurgents to counter the oppressive forces that threatened their livelihoods and freedoms. The congress also reflected the ideals of anarcho-communism, promoting self-governance and direct action among the people.

During this assembly, several resolutions were adopted to strengthen the socio-political framework of the Makhnovshchina. This was seen not only as a means of survival but also as an assertion of their right to control their destiny. The congress concluded with calls for solidarity against all forms of authority that compromised the aspirations of the working class. As a result, it became a crucial platform for advocating for social revolution in Ukraine, which aimed to empower peasants and workers while challenging imperial and oligarchic power.