The Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot was established in 1664 as a result of the need for a dedicated naval infantry force. During this period, England was seeking to strengthen its military capabilities at sea amidst rising geopolitical tensions and competition with other naval powers, particularly the Dutch. The regiment was formed under the command of James, Duke of York, who later became King James II, and it was intended to provide a more versatile military presence on water and shore for maritime operations. This force would eventually play a crucial role in various naval engagements, adapting to the needs of the era's evolving warfare.

The regiment was unique for its time as it combined traditional land infantry training with specialized skills suited for naval combat and operations. The establishment of such a unit reflected a shift in military tactics, recognizing the importance of having forces trained specifically to engage in amphibious warfare. Over the years, the regiment participated in numerous expeditions, reinforcing its operational significance, ultimately paving the way for its transformation into the Royal Marines.

As the demands of maritime warfare grew, so too did the need for a dedicated force capable of executing complex operations involving both land and sea engagements. The establishment of the Duke of York's Marines was not just a response to immediate needs but a foundational move towards a professional force that would continue to evolve. In 1802, the regiment would officially become known as the Royal Marines, distinguishing itself as one of the oldest military units that still exist today, thus laying the groundwork for a proud and storied legacy.