The Battle of Wauhatchie was an essential confrontation in the ongoing conflict between the Union and Confederate armies during the American Civil War. This skirmish occurred as Major General Ulysses S. Grant was striving to solidify his grip on Chattanooga, a critical supply hub for Union operations. Facing fierce opposition from Confederate General James Longstreet, Grant's forces found themselves under threat. Longstreet aimed to disrupt the Union supply lines, which had only recently been established due to prior military movements in the area.

Fought on the night of October 28-29, this battle was notable for its nighttime engagement, a rare experience during the Civil War. The darkness added a layer of challenge and confusion for both armies, but Grant’s troops, including units like the 11th Corps and elements of the 12th Corps, successfully organized a defense against the Confederate onslaught. Despite the difficult conditions, Union forces were able to hold their ground, repelling the attack and ensuring their supply line remained open.

The success at Wauhatchie allowed Grant to maintain a strategic advantage, leading to the eventual lifting of the Confederate siege of Chattanooga. This battle also contributed to the larger campaign that would culminate in the significant Union victory at the Battle of Chattanooga just a few weeks later, further shifting the momentum in favor of the Union in the Western Theater of the war.