The second trial of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti commenced in Boston, Massachusetts, amidst a backdrop of intense debate over judicial fairness and the treatment of immigrants in America. Sacco and Vanzetti, both Italian immigrants, had been convicted of robbery and murder in connection with a 1920 crime in South Braintree, Massachusetts. The case against them had been widely criticized for its reliance on questionable evidence and the biases of the era, which positioned them as targets owing to their radical political beliefs and immigrant status. The new trial aimed to address these concerns, eliciting passionate responses from various social groups advocating for their innocence.Internationally and domestically, the trial became emblematic of the struggles faced by immigrants in America, especially during a period marked by nativism and anti-radical sentiment following World War I. As the trial unfolded, support for Sacco and Vanzetti grew, with protests occurring worldwide, highlighting issues of social justice and human rights. The proceedings featured dramatic testimonies and debates around the integrity of the judicial system, culminating in a movement that attracted significant attention from various political factions and citizens concerned about civil rights. The trial ultimately reinforced the narrative of injustice surrounding their initial verdict, laying the groundwork for ongoing discussions about legal reforms and the treatment of marginalized individuals within the American legal system.