Following a period of political instability in France, which was marked by the struggle to manage the Algerian War and previous unpopular administrations, a significant shift occurred in the French government structure. Under the leadership of Charles de Gaulle, the push for a new constitution began taking shape. The proposal aimed to create a more stable political environment by establishing a stronger executive branch capable of decisive action. This occurred against the backdrop of widespread dissatisfaction with the Fourth Republic, which was often seen as ineffective and unable to address pressing national issues.

The referendum took place, allowing the French populace to vote on this new constitution designed to replace the Fourth Republic. The overwhelming support for the constitution demonstrated the public's desire for change and stability. On October 4, 1958, the new constitution was adopted, marking the official establishment of the Fifth Republic. This new framework not only defined the powers and responsibilities of the President but also emphasized a centralized approach to governance.

The adoption signified a pivotal moment in modern French history, reshaping political dynamics and influencing the way France would engage with domestic and international issues. De Gaulle's vision of a strong presidency became a reality, allowing him to govern with authority and establishing a framework that shaped the future political landscape in France for decades to come.