During the Seven Years' War, the conflict saw major battles between multiple European powers. In 1760, Russian and Austrian forces coordinated their military efforts to increase pressure on Frederick II of Prussia, who had been engaged in a protracted struggle to maintain his territories. In a surprising maneuver, the allied forces managed to occupy Berlin, a strategic and symbolic capital known for its political significance. The Russian army, led by General Ivan Saltykov, played a critical role alongside Austrian troops under the command of Field Marshal Leopold Joseph von Daun.

The occupation of Berlin was not merely a tactical victory; it was deeply symbolic, showcasing the potential downfall of Prussian defenses and the declining influence of Frederick II. The brief control of the city occurred amidst a series of battles that had drained Prussian resources and morale, allowing the allies to exploit this moment of weakness. Occupying Berlin provided a significant propaganda victory for the Russian and Austrian forces, bolstering their reputation in the eyes of their allies and enemies alike.

As the occupation proceeded, the allied forces established temporary administrative control, instituting measures to assert their dominion over the city. This demonstration of power directly challenged Prussian hegemony in the region, raising anxiety among Prussia's allies and showcasing the shifting alliances. However, the occupation was relatively short-lived, concluding shortly after as Frederick II regrouped and rallied his forces, ultimately prompting the Russians and Austrians to withdraw. The occupation instigated significant discussions throughout Europe regarding military strategies and alliances during the remainder of the Seven Years' War.