The adoption of the Turkish Latin alphabet marked a significant reform in Turkey's modernization efforts under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. This initiative was part of a broader campaign to reshape the educational and cultural landscape of Turkey following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire. The Arabic script, used for centuries, was seen as inadequate for a modern national identity and literacy improvement. The new Latin alphabet was introduced to replace the Arabic letters, which were considered complex and not well-suited for phonetic representation of the Turkish language.

The reform was announced on November 1, 1928, at a time when Atatürk was implementing numerous changes to foster national unity and progress. The new alphabet consisted of 29 letters, making it simpler and more logical for the Turkish language compared to the Arabic script. This change was not merely an aesthetic update; it had profound implications for education, national identity, and communication, enabling a wider segment of the population to learn and use their language more effectively.

To promote the new alphabet, extensive public education campaigns were launched, including the establishment of literacy courses. The initiative significantly boosted literacy rates in Turkey and helped to nurture a sense of national pride among its citizens. As a symbol of modernity and secularism, the Latin alphabet became an enduring legacy of Atatürk's vision for a contemporary Turkey.