Moby-Dick was first published in 1851 and has since become a cornerstone of literary canon, renowned for its depth and intricate prose. The novel is primarily the story of Ishmael, a sailor who joins the whaling ship Pequod and its driven captain, Ahab. Ahab's singular obsession with hunting the titular white whale, Moby Dick, leads to profound explorations of fate, free will, and the struggle against nature. Originally titled 'The Whale,' the book faced criticism and underwhelmed commercially at first, with Melville himself experiencing financial difficulties after its release.

The narrative structure of Moby-Dick is unique, comprising not only a story of adventure but also philosophical essays on various topics, including whaling, humanity, and the natural world. The book's innovative language and use of symbolism, particularly the white whale as an embodiment of the unattainable, has fascinated readers and scholars alike. The themes conveyed in Moby-Dick resonate with the human condition and the pursuit of meaning, solidifying its status as a classic. Melville’s style drew from various literary influences, enriching the text's complexity and depth.

In the years following its publication, Moby-Dick gained traction and was re-evaluated by critics and readers alike. By the early 20th century, it was heralded as one of the greatest American novels, influencing numerous writers and becoming a key work studied in schools and literary courses. Its impact on literature, art, and culture at large is immeasurable, contributing significantly to the understanding of both American culture and existential inquiry.