The Battle of Morgarten marked a significant confrontation within the larger context of the Old Swiss Confederacy's struggle for autonomy from external dominion. The backdrop to this skirmish involves the rising tensions between the Swiss communities and the Habsburg dynasty, particularly under Duke Leopold I, who sought to assert greater control over the strategically significant regions of central Switzerland. On the morning of November 15, 1315, the Swiss forces, composed primarily of infantrymen and led by various confederate leaders, prepared to confront Leopold's well-equipped army, which greatly outnumbered them.

Utilizing the natural advantages of the marshy terrain of Morgarten, the Swiss positioned themselves effectively, lying in wait and ready to strike. As the Habsburg troops labored through the difficult landscape, the Swiss launched a sudden and ferocious attack, exploiting their excellent knowledge of the terrain. This tactical advantage complemented their fierce motivation to defend their homeland, leading to a disorganized retreat by Leopold's forces. The battle's outcome was, therefore, not only a military triumph but also a resounding affirmation of the unity and resilience of the Swiss Confederacy against perceived external threats.

The victory at Morgarten greatly enhanced the prestige of the Swiss and fortified their sovereignty. It also instigated subsequent alliances among the Swiss cantons, as other regions recognized the strength of their confederation. This event consolidated the notion of Swiss independence and set a precedent for future military engagements between Switzerland and territorial powers. As news of the victory spread, it reverberated throughout Europe, drawing admiration and envy alike, further emboldening the Swiss peoples’ aspirations for independence and self-governance.