In November 1532, Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish conquistador, executed a strategic attack on Inca Emperor Atahualpa in Cajamarca, Peru. Pizarro, accompanied by a relatively small force of about 200 men, confronted Atahualpa, who was accompanied by thousands of unarmed followers. Pizarro’s forces were bolstered by their advanced weaponry, including guns and cannons, which played a critical role in the surprise attack. As the Incas were gathered for a feast at the town's central square, the Spanish soldiers struck, leading to chaos and the immediate capture of Atahualpa. The Inca were unprepared for such an assault, and their numerical advantage did not compensate for their lack of weapons against the Spaniards’ military technology. Pizarro seized the opportunity presented by a divided Inca leadership following the recent civil war between Atahualpa and his brother, Huáscar. Atahualpa's capture not only deprived the Incas of their prominent ruler but also sent shockwaves throughout the empire. Following his imprisonment, Atahualpa offered a vast quantity of gold and silver in exchange for his release, a clear indication of the wealth the Incas possessed. While the ransom was paid, Pizarro executed Atahualpa in 1533, effectively dismantling the Inca resistance against the Spanish incursion. This event, known as the Battle of Cajamarca, signaled the beginning of the rapid Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.