Skylab 4, the third manned mission to the United States' first space station, was launched with a crew of three astronauts aboard a Saturn IB rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The crew consisted of commander Gerald P. Carr, pilot William R. Pogue, and science pilot Edward G. Gibson. The mission was primarily aimed at conducting extensive scientific research and experiments that would benefit future long-duration space flights and improve knowledge about human adaptability to extended stays in space. The mission lasted for a total of 84 days, significantly longer than their predecessors, Skylab 2 and Skylab 3.

During their time aboard Skylab, the crew conducted over 300 experiments across various fields, including astronomy, Earth sciences, and biology. They spent a considerable amount of time observing solar phenomena, conducting solar observation experiments that provided insight into the Sun’s activity, and analyzing its impact on Earth's atmosphere. They also engaged in extensive photography of the Earth’s surface, helping gather vital data on changing natural landscapes. One of the outstanding features of Skylab 4 was its successful implementation of a new system designed to control the space station's temperature and environment, which allowed the crew to work efficiently in a confined space.

Upon their return, the crew faced challenges with re-entry and landing, but they ultimately returned to Earth successfully, contributing valuable data and experiences that would inform future missions. Skylab 4 provided an unprecedented look at human capabilities in space and laid the foundation for the future of extended human spaceflight, especially for upcoming missions like the International Space Station (ISS).