Captain Nathaniel Palmer embarked on a notable voyage in 1820 as a seal hunter, seeking to exploit the abundant fur seal populations in the Southern Ocean. His expedition, conducted aboard the sloop 'Hero', led him and his crew to the icy seas surrounding Antarctica. While navigating these treacherous waters, Palmer made a remarkable discovery: he sighted landmass that would later be recognized as Antarctica. This unprecedented sighting marked the beginning of America's interest in Antarctic exploration. Palmer's observations in these frigid latitudes were made during the spring and summer months when conditions were less severe.

Following his significant sighting, Palmer and his crew spent time exploring the coastline, further documenting the features and conditions of the ice-covered continent. While they primarily pursued commercial interests, their discoveries contributed to the growing body of knowledge about the Antarctic region. The coast that Palmer encountered ultimately became known as the Palmer Peninsula, a name that reflects his pioneering efforts. His expedition showcased the potential for American involvement in polar exploration and set a precedent for future explorations in the region.

The sighting of Antarctica not only fulfilled Palmer’s immediate economic aspirations but also raised awareness about the continent's geographical and ecological importance. This early American foray into Antarctic waters inspired subsequent explorers and scientists to undertake more comprehensive expeditions, paving the way for the later explorations that would shape our understanding of this remote landscape.