In November 1979, the U.S. Embassy in Tehran was taken over by Iranian revolutionaries, leading to the seizure of American personnel and diplomats. This was part of the broader Iranian Revolution that saw the overthrow of the Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and the establishment of an Islamic Republic led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. The hostages were held in very challenging conditions, sparking outrage in the United States and igniting a diplomatic crisis that lasted for 444 days. The situation drew international attention and influenced U.S. foreign policy for years to come.

On November 19, 1979, amidst this high-tension environment, Ayatollah Khomeini ordered the release of 13 American hostages who were female or black. This decision was seen as an attempt to showcase Iran’s benevolence while easing some of the criticisms regarding the treatment of hostages. The release of these particular groups of hostages became a focal point in Khomeini's strategy to distance his regime from accusations of racism and gender discrimination, which were increasingly being highlighted in both Western media and Iranian society.

The departure of these hostages was notable as it showcased a potential willingness for diplomatic dialogue, even as the Iranian government remained defiant in its broader objectives against American imperialism. The remainder of the hostages would not be released until January 20, 1981, after lengthy negotiations. Khomeini's move received mixed reactions, with some regarding it as a genuine act of goodwill while others saw it merely as a propaganda tool. Nonetheless, it had a significant impact on U.S.-Iran relations going forward, affecting perceptions and policies for decades.