Francisco I. Madero, a politician and revolutionary leader, issued the Plan de San Luis Potosí as a response to the autocratic rule of President Porfirio Díaz, who had clung to power for over three decades through manipulation and repression. The Plan, created in the city of San Luis Potosí, called upon Mexicans to rise against the Díaz government, advocating for free elections and the removal of Díaz from power. Madero criticized the rampant corruption, inequality, and social injustices prevalent under Díaz's regime. This call to arms characterized Madero's vision for a democratic Mexico, rallying the populace around the need for significant political and social reform.

The Plan de San Luis Potosí not only served as a manifesto for revolutionaries but also painted a vivid picture of the discontent in rural and urban areas of Mexico. Madero's message resonated deeply with various social groups, including peasants, workers, and middle-class citizens. By presenting grievances that were widespread across Mexican society, Madero was able to garner support for the revolutionary cause. As news of the Plan spread throughout the country, it laid the groundwork for the armed conflict against Díaz's regime, resulting in the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution, which would unfold over the next decade.

The actions initiated by Madero influenced numerous revolutionary leaders, including Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa, who further fought not just against the removal of Díaz but also for broader social reforms. Madero's calling for revolution marked a significant turning point in Mexican history, challenging the established order and initiating a series of conflicts that would reshape the country's political landscape.