The occupation of Alcatraz Island began in November 1969 when a coalition of Native American activists, inspired by indigenous rights movements, landed on the island. Led by figures such as Richard Oakes, these activists claimed Alcatraz under the Treaty of Fort Laramie of 1868, which stated that unused federal land should be returned to Native peoples. They established a community on the island, creating a school, an arts and crafts center, and even a museum during their time there. Their mantra was to reclaim not just the island but to symbolize the broader struggle for Native American rights, justice, and visibility in a society that had marginalized them for centuries.The occupation was marked by rallies, speeches, and a wide range of creative expressions showcasing Native American culture. The group faced challenges such as limited resources and tensions from supporters and detractors alike. Amidst growing media attention, the activists were successful in highlighting the discrimination and poverty that many Indigenous Americans faced, prompting a shift in public perception. The occupation lasted for 19 months, becoming a key moment in the Native American civil rights movement and establishing the groundwork for future advocacy and legislation related to indigenous rights.Despite their eventual ousting in 1971 due to government intervention, the impact of the occupation continued to resonate. It spurred a new generation of Native activists and organizations focused on self-determination, treaty rights, and cultural preservation. The protest had broader implications, highlighting the need for reform in federal policies regarding Native Americans and forming a crucial chapter in the struggle for civil rights and social justice.