Following the death of Francisco Franco, who had ruled Spain as a dictator since the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939, Juan Carlos I was declared King of Spain. This event took place in Madrid and was heralded as an important moment for the nation, fostering hopes for a transition from authoritarian rule to a democratic government. King Juan Carlos, having been groomed for the role by Franco, surprised many by embarking on a path towards modernization and liberalization in the country. His declaration as king came shortly after Franco’s passing on November 20, 1975, setting the stage for Spain’s future governance.

On his proclamation, Juan Carlos I delivered a message emphasizing his commitment to national unity, democracy, and the rule of law. He facilitated the drafting of a new constitution, which was later approved by referendum in 1978. Under his leadership, Spain experienced significant changes, witnessing political pluralism, the establishment of political parties, and the first democratic elections in decades. His early actions showed a clear departure from Franco's authoritarian regime, as he supported the legalization of political parties and freedoms, which had long been suppressed.

The ascendance of Juan Carlos I is often viewed as a pivotal moment in Spanish history, symbolizing the end of a long period of repression and the start of a contemporary democratic era. His reign has been marked by efforts to foster cooperation and reconciliation among Spanish citizens, laying down a pathway that has allowed the country to flourish both politically and economically in the years following his proclamation as king.