Peter I was crowned king of Cyprus after the abdication of his father, Hugh IV, in Nicosia. This transition of power occurred in a politically tumultuous period characterized by internal conflicts among the nobility and external threats from neighboring states. At only 19 years old, Peter assumed the crown in an environment rife with factions. His father's rule had been marked by difficulties, and as Peter began his reign, he was pressured to establish his legitimacy and authority quickly. In an effort to unify the island's feudal lords, Peter organized alliances and sought to stabilize the kingdom, which had been weakened by previous conflicts. Under his rule, Cyprus would navigate the complex interplay of local governance and the overarching influence of larger empires in the region.

This change in ruling power was emblematic of the times, as many noble families vied for influence over the nascent king. Peter needed to navigate through potential rivalries and dissent among the nobility while simultaneously addressing the economic challenges facing Cyprus. His efforts would lay the groundwork for future governance structures as he worked to consolidate power. Peter's reign would later be characterized by endeavors to enhance the cultural and economic status of Cyprus as part of the broader Mediterranean context, but it was not without its struggles as well.