The FBI Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, commonly known as the FBI Crime Lab, was inaugurated in Washington, D.C. at a time when scientific methods were becoming increasingly important in criminal investigations. Founded under the leadership of J. Edgar Hoover, the lab was created to help the FBI process and analyze evidence more effectively and efficiently. The lab featured various departments specializing in different forensic disciplines, including chemistry, biology, firearms examination, and photography. In its initial stages, the lab focused on developing methods for fingerprint analysis and ballistic testing, which were crucial in solving crimes that relied on physical evidence.

The establishment of the Crime Lab represented a broader movement during the early 20th century toward integrating science into law enforcement. Crime scene investigations prior to the establishment of the lab often relied on basic observational techniques and were fraught with errors. By introducing a scientific framework to evidence processing, the FBI changed the landscape of criminal investigation not only in the U.S. but also around the world. The lab began to attract talented scientists who contributed to the development of techniques that are still in use today.

Over the years, the FBI Crime Lab gained a reputation as a leader in forensic science and established standardized practices adopted across various law enforcement agencies. Its influence extended beyond just enhancing FBI operations; it also played a pivotal role in training and educating other law enforcement bodies on the importance of scientific evidence. This commitment to innovation in forensic science set a precedent for future advancements in criminal justice, contributing to the establishment of various crime laboratories nationwide.