In the aftermath of World War I, the geopolitical landscape of Central and Southeastern Europe underwent drastic changes. The Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed, leading to various national groups seeking to assert their autonomy and align with nation-states that reflected their ethnic identities. On November 25, 1918, leaders in Vojvodina seized the moment created by the empire's disintegration to declare their secession from Austria-Hungary and their intention to join the Kingdom of Serbia. This declaration was not merely a political maneuver; it was charged with the aspirations of the local Serbian population, who envisioned a unified Serbian state that would include all Serbs, particularly those living in the territories that were part of the former empire.

The proclamation took place against a backdrop of rising national consciousness among the South Slavic peoples, facilitated by the weakening of imperial control and the influences of various political movements. A key figure in this declaration was the local Serb leadership, who articulated the desire for self-determination and sought to align with Serbia, which had been a bulwark for Slavic nationalism. Their efforts indicated a broader trend towards regional unification and the assertion of ethnic identities in the face of imperial rule.

As the news of Vojvodina’s decision spread, it garnered both support and criticism, reflecting the region's complex ethnic mosaic. The local Hungarian population, along with other ethnic groups, viewed the secession as a threat to their status and rights, leading to heightened tensions that would influence local politics in the ensuing decades. Nevertheless, the secession of Vojvodina became one of the pivotal moments in shaping the post-war boundaries and national identities in the Balkans, contributing to the eventual formation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which later became Yugoslavia.