Deposition of Al-Salih Hajji by Barquq
Al-Salih Hajji, the last Qalawunid Sultan, was deposed by Barquq, marking a significant shift in power within the Mamluk Sultanate. This transition ended the Turkic Bahri Mamluk period and heralded the rise of the Circassian Burji Mamluk. Following a power struggle, Barquq seized control, asserting his dominance over Egypt and reshaping the political landscape.
Al-Salih Hajji was the last Qalawunid Sultan.
Barquq led a successful coup against Al-Salih.
This marked the end of the Turkic Bahri Mamluks.
The Circassian Burji Mamluk period began with Barquq.
What Happened?
The deposition of Al-Salih Hajji in 1382 can be viewed as a pivotal moment in the history of the Mamluk Sultanate. Al-Salih Hajji, who served as the Sultan, was the last ruler from the Qalawunid dynasty, a dynasty that had played a crucial role in strengthening the sultanate and defending against external threats. His reign, however, was marred by internal strife and the rise of powerful factions within the Mamluk administration. Barquq, a prominent military leader and former slave, capitalized on the political unrest and led a coup against Al-Salih. With a coalition of supporters, Barquq successfully challenged the authority of the sultan, leading to Al-Salih's deposition and subsequent imprisonment.The rise of Barquq marked the end of the Turkic Bahri Mamluk period, noted for the dominance of Turkish slave soldiers and their transition into rulers of Egypt. Barquq's ascendance to power not only shifted the leadership to Circassian origins with the subsequent Burji Mamluk period but also emphasized the changing dynamics of power within the sultanate. The Circassians, originally imported as slave soldiers, had become formidable players in Mamluk politics. Barquq’s rule commenced an era characterized by increased military campaigns and attempts to stabilize the region, as well as a consolidation of power away from the declining Qalawunid lineage. His leadership would influence the administrative and military strategies of subsequent sultans.
Why Does it Matter?
The deposition of Al-Salih Hajji represents a significant turning point in the Mamluk Sultanate's history. It marked the transition from Turkic rule to the dominance of Circassian leaders, altering the political landscape and military structure. This shift in power initiated a new era known as the Burji Mamluk period, which would see both internal strife and external challenges. The impact of Barquq's ascension is still analyzed in understanding the dynamics of Mamluk governance and military actions in the later years.