The Battle of Rullion Green took place during a time of tumult in Scotland, characterized by increasing tensions between the monarchy and the Covenanters, who opposed the imposition of royal religious policies. On November 28, 1666, the Royal Scots Army, led by Tam Dalyell of the Binns, confronted a significant force of Covenanter insurgents commanded by James Wallace of Auchens. The Covenanters had taken to arms, seeking to oppose the government and its attempts to enforce episcopacy in the Scottish church. The Royal Scots, numbering at least 3,000, engaged the Covenanters, who were significantly outnumbered with roughly 900 men. The battle was fought in the Pentland Hills, near Edinburgh, and was marked by fierce combat and military strategies.Dalyell's tactical acumen played a critical role in the Royal Scots' victory, allowing them to overpower the insurgent forces relatively quickly. The defeat of the Covenanters at Rullion Green was substantial, as it effectively quelled organized resistance in the region for a time. Following the battle, many Covenanter leaders were captured or fled, which contributed to a period of heightened repression against Covenanting activities, including executions and imprisonment of dissenters. The outcome of this battle reinforced the authority of King Charles II and emphasized the risks associated with resisting royal policies in Scotland at the time.