The Estonian Provincial Assembly convened in November 1917 in the middle of tumultuous political upheaval in Eastern Europe. As the Russian Empire crumbled under the weight of societal pressures, military failures in World War I, and the revolutionary wave sweeping through the nation, the provincial assembly found itself in a position to redefine Estonia's political future. The assembly's members included various politicians who advocated for greater national rights and independence from foreign dominion. On this date, the assembly formally declared itself the sovereign power of Estonia, marking a significant turning point in the nation's quest for self-governance. This proclamation highlighted Estonia's resolve to pursue autonomy and independence, rallying the support of the population and legitimizing their aspirations.

Moreover, the declaration was not merely a statement of intent but a careful maneuver. It announced Estonia's intention to assert itself as a distinct entity on the world stage, amidst the chaos of World War I and the potential reorganization of nations in the post-war era. The political environment was complex; while the assembly sought to break free from Russian control, there were also fears of German domination. Estonia, located strategically along the Baltic Sea, had to navigate these turbulent waters with the aim of achieving lasting sovereignty.

The session concluded with the assembly members committing to form a national council that would take on the responsibilities of governance. This organization would work toward a formal declaration of independence, which came a few weeks later. This pivotal moment was supported by various civil organizations and the growing nationalist movement among Estonians, emphasizing the collective will to secure their rightful place as an independent nation.