The resignation of Margaret Thatcher as leader of the Conservative Party marked the end of an era in British politics, as she had been the first female Prime Minister in the UK, serving from 1979 until 1990. Her leadership was characterized by bold economic reforms, a commitment to reducing the power of trade unions, and a strong stance against communism during the Cold War. Despite her early successes, by 1990, divisions within the Conservative Party, particularly around issues such as the community charge (often referred to as the 'poll tax'), had eroded her support. Facing increasing opposition from within her party and declining public approval ratings, Thatcher announced her resignation during a press conference at Conservative Party headquarters. John Major, her former Chancellor of the Exchequer, was soon selected to succeed her, winning the leadership contest on November 28. Major's ascent signified a shift toward a more conciliatory approach within the party and a distancing from Thatcher's more hardline policies. The circumstances surrounding Thatcher's departure also highlighted the volatile nature of political leadership, especially in times of economic and social unrest. Her resignation prompted commentary on trends in political accountability in a parliamentary democracy, forging a new path for the Conservative Party under Major's leadership.