Panagis Tsaldaris took office as the 142nd Prime Minister of Greece, bringing a new leadership to a nation grappling with the repercussions of the Great Depression. His ascension followed the tenure of Eleftherios Venizelos, a prominent figure in Greek politics and a former Prime Minister. Tsaldaris, a member of the People's Party, inherited numerous challenges, including a struggling economy and deep political divides. His government aimed to revitalize the agricultural sector, introduce social reforms, and undertake public infrastructure projects to stimulate economic growth. This era was marked by heightened political tension in Greece, where various factions vied for power amidst considerable dissatisfaction among the populace.

Tsaldaris' administration sought to implement policies that would resonate with the agrarian society of Greece, promoting the well-being of farmers and rural communities. While facing opposition from rival political groups, he advocated for a balanced approach to governance, attempting to unify different segments of society. His leadership style emphasized collaboration and compromise, which were essential during a time when political stability was precarious. Tsaldaris' government, however, would be marked by limited success in resolving the ongoing economic turmoil and managing internal dissent, ultimately shaping the political dynamics of Greece in the years to come.