Lyndon B. Johnson, who became president following the assassination of John F. Kennedy, ran for a full term in the presidential election against Republican candidate Barry Goldwater. Johnson's campaign focused on continuing Kennedy's legacy and expanding it, emphasizing civil rights, education, and healthcare reforms under his Great Society agenda. The election was held on November 3, 1964, and was characterized by a stark contrast between the two candidates' visions for America. Johnson's moderate, progressive approach resonated with a majority of voters amidst a backdrop of social change in the country.

The election also stands out as it was the first time residents of Washington D.C. were allowed to cast votes for president, reflecting recognition for their contribution to the nation. This resulted in D.C. voters predominantly supporting Johnson, further bolstering his victory. Johnson secured 61% of the popular vote, a clear affirmation of public confidence, and the highest percentage for a winning candidate since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. Johnson's electoral success was complemented by gaining 44 out of 50 states, demonstrating widespread appeal across the country.

The election results not only fortified Johnson's mandate to push through ambitious legislative goals, but they also marked a pivotal moment in the civil rights movement, serving as a prelude to significant social reforms. The election overall reflected a deepening commitment to progressive principles by a majority of Americans during a period marked by upheaval and calls for equality.