The Battle of Sinop marked a significant naval engagement during the Crimean War between the Imperial Russian Navy and the Ottoman Empire. The clash arose from long-standing geopolitical tensions over territories and influence in the Black Sea, exacerbated by the weakening of the Ottoman Empire. On November 30, 1853, Vice Admiral Pavel Nakhimov led the Russian fleet into Sinop Bay, where he faced the Ottoman squadron commanded by Osman Pasha. The Russians, numbering around 11 ships, confronted a smaller Ottoman fleet of 6 vessels, which had sought refuge in the port. The battle showcased advanced naval tactics employed by Nakhimov, including the use of steam-powered ships and significant artillery power. The Russians unleashed a devastating barrage, crippling the Ottoman fleet within a few hours.

The aftermath of the battle resulted in a staggering loss for the Ottoman navy, which suffered significant casualties and the destruction of most of its ships. This clear defeat not only eliminated Ottoman naval capabilities in the Black Sea for the duration of the conflict but also emboldened Russia's position in further maritime and territorial incursions. The battle's repercussions were felt across Europe, altering diplomatic relations and heightening tensions between major powers involved in the war, such as Britain and France, who soon joined the conflict to curb Russian expansionism.

The Battle of Sinop is often cited as one of the early showcases of modern naval warfare, where steam warfare technology began to dominate traditional sailing ships. The victory contributed to the increased maritime confidence of Russia, leading to its ambitions to dominate the Black Sea region. Ultimately, the battle set the stage for the wider confrontations that characterized the Crimean War, influencing military strategies in subsequent naval engagements.