The Battle of Franklin took place in late November 1864, representing a critical moment in the American Civil War during the Tennessee Campaign. General John Bell Hood, commanding the Confederate Army of Tennessee, sought to gain ground against the Union forces led by General John Schofield, who had recently evacuated from Georgia after the notable Union victory at the Battle of Atlanta. Hood's strategy hinged on launching a bold offensive to disrupt Union supply lines and reclaim territory in Tennessee, aiming to shift the war's momentum in favor of the Confederacy.

On November 30, Hood initiated a frontal assault against heavily fortified Union positions. The Union army, well-entrenched in Franklin, possessed significant advantages in terms of positioning and defensive preparations. As Hood's troops advanced, they encountered intense artillery fire and rifle volleys from Union soldiers, resulting in severe Confederate casualties. Estimates indicate that Hood's forces suffered over 6,000 casualties, while Union losses were comparatively lower, at around 2,300. This battle not only highlighted the effectiveness of defensive tactics but also showcased the waning strength of the Confederate army as they increasingly relied on frontal assaults against fortified positions.

The aftermath of the Battle of Franklin had immediate and long-lasting implications for the Confederate military efforts in the South. Hood's severe losses weakened his army considerably, leading to a retreat towards Nashville. This defeat catalyzed further Union advances into the South, contributing to the eventual downfall of the Confederacy. The high casualty rate, particularly among experienced officers and men, marked a deep-seated blow to Confederate morale and effectiveness in subsequent engagements.