The three-day anti-Jewish riots in Tripolitania began as a surge of violence against Jewish residents, reflecting deeper societal rifts and escalating tensions in post-war Libya. The Jewish community, which had lived in the region for centuries, faced growing hostility as nationalistic fervor intensified. Amidst the backdrop of World War II's aftermath, many Libyans were grappling with the loss of colonial rule, and Jews, often viewed as foreign or privileged, became scapegoats for various social grievances. The unrest began on November 5, 1945, in cities such as Tripoli and Misrata, instigated by rumors of Jewish complicity in colonial oppression and economic disparity.

The riots quickly escalated, with locals forming mobs that targeted Jewish neighborhoods, leading to widespread destruction of property, looting, and violence. Synagogues were vandalized, shops were ransacked, and residents fled in fear. This outburst of violence was not isolated but was part of a broader trend of anti-Semitic sentiments and actions that had gained momentum as Libya approached independence. As armed forces intervened to restore order, the impact on the community was profound, traumatizing survivors and leading many Jews to emigrate.

The events in Tripolitania reflected not only local grievances but also broader anxieties within the rapidly changing political landscape of North Africa. The riots resulted in significant ramifications for Libya's Jewish population, ultimately hastening the decline of Jewish life in the region. The aftermath saw a stark decline in the Jewish demographic, as many sought refuge in other countries, fostering a diaspora that continues to reflect the historical shifts in this area.