The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), a multi-ethnic coalition of Kurdish and Arab fighters, launched a strategic offensive to capture Raqqa from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). Raqqa had come to symbolize ISIL's rule as it was declared the group's capital in 2014. The offensive, named 'Euphrates Wrath,' commenced amid a backdrop of increasing pressure on ISIL's control in both Iraq and Syria. A coalition of local and international forces, including air support from the United States, aimed to destabilize ISIL's operations and reclaim territory held by the militant group.

The offensive was notable for being part of a broader strategy to defeat ISIL, which had expanded significantly during the Syrian Civil War. Raqqa's capture was seen as pivotal to eroding ISIL's capabilities and undermining its influence over the region. The SDF mobilized thousands of fighters and, with significant intelligence and logistical support, faced stiff resistance from ISIL. The urban landscape presented significant challenges, including the presence of civilians and the potential for street-to-street combat.

This operation was characterized by intense fighting, with reports of heavy casualties on both sides. As the SDF advanced, they aimed to minimize civilian casualties, although ISIL often used civilians as human shields. The offensive not only sought military victory but also aimed to pave the way for a post-ISIL governance framework in the region, highlighting the complexities of local governance and international involvement in the conflict.