The Royal Netherlands Marine Corps was founded under the leadership of Admiral Michiel de Ruyter during the mid-17th century. The establishment of this specialized marine force arose from the growing recognition of the need for a naval infantry unit capable of conducting land operations in support of naval missions. De Ruyter, a prominent naval commander, understood that traditional fleets required soldiers who could operate effectively on both ships and land, particularly given the increasing tensions and conflicts at sea, notably the Second Anglo-Dutch War. The corps was directly integrated into the Dutch Navy, representing a significant evolution in naval warfare, emphasizing the significance of combined operations.

Initially, the Marines were small in number but were rigorously trained to handle various combat scenarios, emphasizing discipline, naval tactics, and amphibious assault techniques. The corps played crucial roles in several naval battles and land campaigns, showcasing their versatility and skill. Over the years, their functions expanded beyond simple boarding actions to include complex amphibious landings and joint operations with the regular navy. They also adapted to the changing landscape of warfare, incorporating new tactics and technologies as they became available.

The Royal Netherlands Marine Corps quickly gained a reputation for its effectiveness, participating in many key operations that solidified the Dutch position as a leading maritime power during the 17th century. The establishment of such a dedicated marine corps would influence naval military organizations across Europe and significantly contribute to the overall success of the Dutch Republic in its maritime endeavors. The legacy of the Marine Corps continues to this day and remains a pivotal element of the Netherlands' military infrastructure.